Chavela Vargas

Чавела Варгас (Chavela Vargas сценический псевдоним, настоящее имя Isabel Vargas Lizano) (17 апреля 1919 — 5 августа 2012) всемирно известная мексиканская певица, исполнительница песен в стиле «ранчера» (исп. canciЈn ranchera).

Родилась в Коста-Рике, в детстве болела полиомиелитом и практически ослепла. Была вылечена индейскими шаманами. В возрасте 14 лет уехала в Мексику в поисках возможностей развития своей творческой карьеры. На протяжении многих лет выступала в барах и на улицах, в возрасте 30 лет стала профессиональной певицей, лидером целого музыкального направления.

Прославилась на весь мир, в 1940-50 выступала в США и Европе, была близко знакома с ведущими актёрами и музыкантами Голливуда, с некоторыми из которых состояла в интимной связи.

В 1961 записала свой первый альбом (с тех пор выпущено более 80 различных дисков). За свой традиционный сценический образ получила прозвище женщина в красном пончо (La Mujer del Poncho Rojo). В конце 1960-х почти на два десятилетия исчезла со сцены, жила в Мексике и пила горькую.

В 1990 вернулась к творчеству. Объездила с гастролями всю Европу и Америку, триумфально выступала в лучших концертных залах планеты: Олимпия (Париж, 1995), Карнеги-Холл (Нью-Йорк, 2003), Дворец Музыки (Барселона, 1993, 1996, 1998, 2000, 2004), Театр Искусств (Мехико-Сити, 2001) и др. В 2001 году за свою творческую деятельность удостоена высшей королевской награды Испании (Gran Cruz de la Orden de Isabel la CatЈlica). В 2002 году ассоциация шаманов Латинской Америки по представлению шаманов племени уичоль присвоила Чавеле Варгас звание почетного шамана.

Снялась и записала музыку для фильмов известного испанского режиссёра Педро Альмодовара. Снялась и исполнила две ведущие музыкальные темы фильма «Фрида», посвящённого судьбе мексиканской художницы Фриды Кало, с которой Варгас связывали тесные личные отношения и в доме которой она жила вплоть до смерти Фриды. Снималась в фильмах Крик камня немецкого режиссёра Вернера Херцога, La Soldadera мексиканского режиссёра Хосе Боланьоса, в мексиканском телевизионном сериале Premier Orfeon.

О жизни и судьбе Чавелы Варгас снято несколько документальных фильмов.

Имя Чавелы Варгас часто связывают с развитием в испаночзычном мире движения за права женщин. Певица всегда открыто заявляла о своей нетрадиционой сексуальной ориентации, что неоднократно становилось поводом для громких скандалов.

В 2002 году в Испании вышла книга воспоминаний Чавелы Варгас Y si quieren saber de mi pasado (издательство Aguilar, Мадрид), мгновенно вошедшая в список бестселлеров. CD, DVD и видео со студийными и концертными записями певицы изданы миллионными тиражами крупнейшими мировыми студиями звукозаписи (Warner Music, Sony Intl, Orfeon Records, Atlantic, Tropical Music, Wea International, Sum Records Brasil и др.)

В городе Бургос (древняя столица Испании, провинция Кастилия и Леон) именем Чавелы Варгас названа улица.

Умерла 5 августа 2012 года в мексиканском городе Куэрнавака в возрасте 93 лет.

Дискография

* Piensa en mќ, 1991
* Boleros, 1991
* Sentimiento de M™xico (vol. 1), 1995
* De M™xico y del mundo, 1995
* Le canta a M™xico, 1995
* Volver, volver, 1996
* Dos, 1996
* Grandes Momentos, 1996
* ColecciЈn de Oro, 1999
* Con la rondalla del amor de Saltillo, 2000
* Para perder la cabeza, 2000
* Las 15 grandes de Chavela Vargas, 2000
* Grandes ™xitos, 2002
* Para toda la vida, 2002
* Discografќa b‘sica, 2002
* Antologќa, 2004
* Somos, 2004
* Macorina, 2004
* En Carnegie Hall, 2004
* La Llorona, 2004

Isabel Vargas Lizano, Chavela Vargas (04/17/1919 - 05/08/2012) Mexican singer.

He was born on April 17, 1919 in San Joaquin de Flores, Costa Rica, Mexico nationalized. Daughter and Herminia Francisco Vargas Lizano. He took his first steps on the track in Costa Rica country where he grew up. He started at age 14 and identified only with the Mexico of the 50s. Rumors fleeing a people who did not understand that a woman will use pants and a country that did not know, she said, assessing his talents. In Mexico held various offices "He lived on a roof of a building, bathing in the bathroom of the maids, selling stuff and sang. A lady gave me a car and put a maids agency, and I, in the stroller, leading to the girls at home and won two dollars for every one ", until the opportunity came tripped him with fame: Macorina theme, a song of rebellion seventeenth century she played with his own arrangements. Chavela Vargas surprised by her defiance and his radical commitment, not only was his appearance that skipped the rules, but dispensed with the mariachi musically, thus eliminating the party rancheras character and showed bare deep desolation . There were times when walking with Agustín Lara, is muse and friend of Juan Rulfo, lived with the painters Diego Rivera and Frida Kahlo and dined large doses of tequila. They disks and melodies as La Llorona, Us, Moonlight, or Song of the simple things. Over time, the artist was 12 years away from the track, from the stage and almost of life, because of alcoholism. While his life in Mexico was disastrous. "Premiered a car on Friday and Monday and had nothing, I got drunk and I was going to sing in the streets. I drank tequila, I took it all, so there was nothing there." The Mexican recorded more than 40 albums, among themselves and others, for those who lent his voice severity and starred in nearly a thousand concerts. On his return he said: "I came out of hell, but I did sing". One legend tells of gun shots, girls kidnapped on his white horse, spirited, for the ride of Insurgentes. "That does not have to believe it, I ride horses, I love horses, but my legend was actually a white Alfa Romeo, and never kidnapped anyone. I have had to fight to be me and that I respect, and bring that stigma, to me is an honor. bear the name of lesbian.'m not bragging, I'm not preaching, but do not deny it. " The fragility of his appearance, petite, thin, busy. For his wrinkled figure of no more than 53 kilos left their mark of 40,000 liters of alcohol, which, according to estimates by her brother, she drank over 78 years years. "One day, we were traveling in Acapulco and it was given to take account of what they had taken, by chapter and verse. And the truth is that the number, although high, did not scare me. Everything has to do in life. And something will have been, and I know that something was, but I will save. " Chavela Vargas sang again in the early nineties. Manolo Arroyo rediscovered in habit, in Coyoacán, where he sang, and took her to Spain. From there, success. Spanish director Pedro Almodovar welcomed and offered to participate in its production The Flower of My Secret. From that moment, world titles and awards give joy and faith to his musical career. Bedside interpreter was Joaquín Sabina. A street in Burgos (Spain) bears his name and has also received in the same country the title of "most excellent woman." To Chavela, Spain is: "A country that made me her friend in the 80s, opening his arms and his youth." Almodóvar, kissed the stage floor Sports Pavilion Real Madrid and quietly asked the audience before handing Vargas Latino of Honor Award. The Spanish Cabinet was awarded the Grand Cross of Isabel the Catholic in 2000. Known in Mexico as "Vargas". He has performed at very important venues like the Paris Olympia, Carnegie Hall and the Palacio de Bellas Artes in Mexico. Mexican singer was fired in October 2006 for the stage with a tribute concert in Mexico City, after serving half-century career for fear of losing his voice "I do not want to go see just for being a nice old lady" but continued to work on recordings with other artists as Miguel Bosé, Joaquin Sabina, Ana Belén and Armando Manzanero. In 2004, presented the album at Carnegie Hall. In 2009, on the occasion of its 90th anniversary, the Government of Mexico City paid tribute naming distinguished citizen. In December 2009, co-authored with Mary Cortina, presents the book My truths, narrating as an interview, the most significant events of his life.
Chavela Vargas died in Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico, August 5, 2012.

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